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IPSec (Internet Protocol Security) is a set of open network security protocols formulated by IETF (Internet Engineering Task Force). It is not a single protocol, but a collection of protocols and services that provide security for IP networks. It provides high-quality, interoperable, and cryptographic-based security guarantees for data transmitted on the Internet. IPSec mainly includes security protocols AH (AuthenticationHeader) and ESP (Encapsulating Security Payload), key management exchange protocol IKE (Internet KeyExchange), and some algorithms for network authentication and encryption. IPSec mainly uses encryption and verification methods. The authentication mechanism enables the data receiver of IP communication to confirm the true identity of the data sender and whether the data has been tampered with during transmission. The encryption mechanism guarantees the confidentiality of the data by encrypting the data to prevent the data from being eavesdropped during transmission. T

Today we will learn the detailed explanation of NETCONF protocol. With the upsurge of SDN over the years, a ten-year-old protocol has once again attracted people's attention, and it is the NETCONF protocol. The network configuration protocol NETCONF (Network Configuration Protocol) provides a mechanism for managing network devices. Users can use this mechanism to add, modify, and delete the configuration of network devices, and obtain configuration and status information of network devices. Through the NETCONF protocol, network devices can provide standardized application programming interface APIs (Application Programming Interface), and applications can directly use these APIs to send and obtain configurations to network devices. NETCONF (Network Configuration Protocol) is a network configuration and management protocol based on Extensible Markup Language (XML). It uses a simple RPC (Remote Procedure Call)-based mechanism to implement communication between the client and the serv

In the VRRP standard protocol mode, only the Master router can forward packets, and the Backup router is in the listening state and cannot forward packets. Although the creation of multiple backup groups can achieve load sharing between multiple routers, the hosts in the LAN need to set up different gateways, which increases the complexity of the configuration. VRRP load balancing mode adds a load balancing function on the basis of the virtual gateway redundancy backup function provided by VRRP. Its realization principle is: Corresponding to a virtual IP address and multiple virtual MAC addresses, each router in the VRRP backup group corresponds to a virtual MAC address, so that each router can forward traffic.   In VRRP load balancing mode, you only need to create a backup group to achieve load sharing among multiple routers in the backup group, avoiding the problem of backup devices in the VRRP backup group being always idle and low network resource utilization. . The load balancing

In short, Link Aggregation technology is to aggregate multiple physical links into a logical link with a higher bandwidth. The bandwidth of the logical link is equal to the sum of the bandwidth of the aggregated multiple physical links. The number of aggregated physical links can be configured according to the bandwidth requirements of the service. Therefore, link aggregation has the advantages of low cost and flexible configuration. In addition, link aggregation also has the function of link redundancy backup, and the aggregated links dynamically backup each other, which improves the stability of the network.   There was no uniform standard for the realization of early link aggregation technology. Each manufacturer had its own proprietary solutions, which were not completely the same in function and incompatible with each other. Therefore, the IEEE has specially formulated a standard for link aggregation. The current official standard for link aggregation technology is IEEE Standard 8

Wireless Distribution System means that APs connect two or more independent local area networks through wireless links to form an interconnected network for data transmission. In a traditional WLAN network, a wireless channel is used as the transmission medium between the STA and the AP, and the uplink of the AP is a wired network. In order to expand the coverage area of the wireless network, devices such as switches need to be used to connect APs to each other, which will result in higher final deployment costs and a longer time. At the same time, when APs are deployed in some complex environments (such as subways, tunnels, docks, etc.), it is very difficult for APs to connect to the Internet in wired mode. Through WDS technology, wireless connections can be achieved between APs, which facilitates the deployment of wireless LANs in some complex environments, saves network deployment costs, is easy to expand, and realizes flexible networking. The advantages of WDS network include: ①　Co

Today we will consolidate the content of the MSDP agreement. MSDP, short for Multicast Source Discovery Protocol (Multicast Source Discovery Protocol), is an inter-domain multicast solution developed to solve the interconnection between multiple PIM-SM (Protocol Independent Multicast Sparse Mode) domains. Program. MSDP currently only supports deployment on IPv4 networks, and the intra-domain multicast routing protocol must be PIM-SM. And it only makes sense for the ASM (Any-Source Multicast) model. MSDP can realize inter-domain multicast, and it also has the following advantages for ISPs: 1. The PIM-SM domain reduces the dependence on RPs in other domains by relying on the RP in the domain to provide services. And it can also control whether the source information of this domain is transferred to other domains, thereby improving network security. 2. If there are only receivers in a certain domain, there is no need to report the group membership on the entire network. You can receive mu

  MSTP refers to a multi-service node that is based on the SDH platform and realizes the access, processing and transmission of multiple services such as TDM, ATM, and Ethernet at the same time, and provides a unified network management. Multiple Spanning Tree (MST) uses a modified Rapid Spanning Tree (RSTP) protocol called Multiple Spanning Tree Protocol (MSTP). With the development of the times, a variety of network transmission forms appear in network applications, such as file, video, image, and data transmission. As a result, the network capacity of a certain area cannot meet the needs of a large number of service transmissions. This makes the core technology of MSTP develop. It is a multi-service transmission platform based on the synchronous digital system. It can provide nodes for various forms of network services and realize mutual transmission between platforms. And provide unified management to promote the normal operation of business. The so-called platform is the extension