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CGMP: Cisco Group Management Protocol  Cisco Group Management Protocol CGMP is primarily used to restrict the forwarding of IP multicast packets only to ports connected to IP multicast clients.  These clients automatically join and leave groups that receive IP multicast traffic, and the switch dynamically changes its forwarding behavior based on the request.  Once CGMP is activated, it automatically identifies the port that is connected to the CGMP-Capable router.  CGMP is activated by default and supports up to 64 IP multicast group registrations.  A multicast router that supports CGMP periodically sends CGMP JoinMessages to advertise itself to perform network switching behavior.  Each time the switch receives a CGMP join message, the timer is constantly updated.  When the router keeps time expired, the switch is responsible for moving all known multicast groups out of CGMP.  When the switch receives a CGMP packet, the switch is responsible for converting the packet and chang

"You can't change the environment, but you can change yourself." This is the deepest feeling in the process of learning CCIE. Learning CCIE is definitely very difficult. If you choose to study, you can't complain and change yourself to adapt to learning.  You will be able to pass the   ccie r&s written exam   and   ccie r&s lab exam !  TS2  1. SW410 has Port Security, change PC MAC address, port shutdown, no shut appears.  2. R14 has traffic blocking the server, and ACL no 10 appears.  3. R10 has called Route-map, set local-pre 1000 changed to 100, R22 interface lo0 OSPF announces an error, and the two places appear after correction.  4. R20 has a call to Route-map, and the set extcommunity cost pre-bestpath can be removed.  5. R60 crypto ipsce transform-set verification is not the same, refer to R51 settings.  6. SW111 Int vlan2001 does not apply IPv6 dhcp server  7. R3 mpls ldp neighbor 100.0.0.3 password cisc0 password error, changed to c

1. Question: How does the bgp routing table redistribute the default route?  Answer: Method 1: Static routing network       Ip route 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 + next hop       Then in the bgp process network 0.0.0.0 can inject this default route into the bgp process       The default route introduced in bgp using this method will be passed to all bgp neighbors.       Method two: default-information originate       Configure a static default route locally, such as ip route 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 null 0       Unless at the same time in the bgp process default-information originate       Ip route 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 null 0       Router bgp x       Default-information originate       Redistribute static  2. Question: How does the bgp routing table send default routing information to a specific bgp neighbor?  Answer: Use the command: neighbor xxx default-originate       In the Bgp process: neighbor xxx default-originate passes the default route to a specific neighbor;  3. Problem:

PASSHOT  shares some CCIE Lab learning materials. If you are studying  CCIE R&S lab , it will be of great help to you! DIAG If there are two options that are the same or optional, the previous option is preferred! =========================================================== =================== DIAG 1 The first question is if SW3 has port-security or DIAG1 is not DIAG1+ The second question is if e16/0 of R16  ， the mask is /30 is DIAG1, if it is /29 it will be DIAG1+ DIAG1 Answer ------------- T1 STP Q1: SW3, command: show ip int bri Q2: What information is used to confirm the problem: HOST1, what the mac add of e0/0 T2 DMVPN Q1: Problematic equipment: R15; Q2: Solution: Remove E0/0 from EIGRP; T3: URPF Q1 drag title (abandon) remember that the traffic is from R1-->R3-->R2-->R1 drop Q2: Asymmetric routing using URPF is selected DIAG1+ answer ------------- T1 STP Q1: SW3, command:show spanning-tree Q2: Need help-desk engineer to confir

PASSHOT   shares some CCIE Lab learning materials. If you are studying   CCIE R&S lab , it will be of great help to you! TS1 Q1: The MAC addresses of SW2 and R8 ports are different. The PC101 MAC address needs to be specified. Q2: R17 s4/0 is less than ppp ipcp default Q3: R22 mask error is changed to 248 Q4: R13 no prefix-list deny 145.14.14.14/32 is fine R11-R14 is fully equipped with metric weight 0 1 1 1 1 1 Otherwise 1603/1703 is not right. Q5: R22 IBGP does not set next-hop-self R21 prefix 194 does not write 194.1.0.0/16. Q6: R25 Network interface E0/0 prefix. It's wrong net a XXXX:2525::/64, the correct one should be XXXX:25::/64 Q7: R15 lacks ip nhrp redirect, lacks ip nhrp map multicast dynamic, R19 authentication has a problem, correct is UberMarket and R19 writes ubermarket Q8: R7, R8 lacks 124 subinterfaces to establish BGP commands. Neighbor 124.45.67.21 remote-as 12345 R7, R8 nat error. Ip nat inside sou, the exam room is missing inside.

TS2+: 1. The first question: User104 ping nowhere R40 loopback0 This problem user104 did not get the address. I showed no in the show int status err on SW410 so I think there is no problem with the port security on the SW410. Then, I go check other places and check it for a long time is normal. Go back and shut down user 104 port and Shutdown still can't get the address. After watching the time has passed ten minutes, skip the next question. After finishing all, I look back at this question and show port-security on SW410 Port security is set on display port e0/0. The bound mac is not the same as the port mac on user104. This finds the problem. First follow the user104's mac to change the port to the mac, showing a conflict. Then, I follow the port security binding mac, repair User104 on mac, restart port 10, and then got the address. Phenomenon appear. 2. The third question:  Parity vlan separate routing: Loopback0 on R23 is not planned for ospf 10. Change it to osp

1. Question: Set up two core devices of VRRP. The spanning tree elects itself as root. Answer: In the MSTP network, the vlan associated with the spanning tree instance of the entire network must be consistent. Otherwise, the root election will be confused. 2. Question: Does Cisco's switch support Load balancing? Answer: Support. 3. Question: How does VRRP achieve load balancing? Answer: There are two ways: (1) Configure the gateway IP address of the terminal to configure the gateway IP of the active and standby devices respectively. The terminal determines whether the traffic is forwarded by the primary device or forwarded by the standby device. (2) With VRRP plus, hosts on the LAN use a unified gateway IP but when different hosts request gateway ARP, VRRP plus responds to different virtual MACs . Thereby distributing traffic from different hosts to VRRP. Load balancing is achieved on different members of Plus. 4. Question: Can the physical address participate in t